WRITING

  Lesson 9 passive voice Connectors and transitions Listing and giving examples Within a sentence Between sentences This type of + noun Another + noun  In addition, subject + verb For example, subject + verb For instance, subject + verb Finally, subject + verb During + noun Before + present participle Regardless of + noun If + noun + verb That is, subject + verb Still, subject + verb  Passive voice In English sentences, the most important information is contained in the subject, which is usually near the beginning of a sentence. In contrast, the passive voice is used to put more emphasis on the receiver of the action than on the subject.  Step 1. Switch the locations of the subject and the object. Active voice: Andre broke his new cricket bat .  Passive voice: the new cricket bat was broken by Andre .  Step 2. Add a form of the verb to be. Keep the verb tense of the original active voice verb.  Active voice: Andre broke his new cricket bat. ...

  Lesson 8 common cause and effect structures Showing cause effect Within a sentence Between sentences Because of + noun Because + subject + verb Another (cause, effect, reason) Owing to + noun Due to + noun Subject + verb, so subject + verb Subject + verb so that subject + verb As a result / therefore / because of this, subject + verb Ways of expressing past actions explanation examples Use the simple past tense for an action that is complete.  The simple past tense is formed by adding -ed -d to the base form of regular verbs. Irregular verbs use a variety of forms.  Because she worked so hard, her business became very successful.  Worked  regular Became  irregular  Use the past progressive tense for an action that was in progress in the past and was interrupted by another action.  The past progressive tense is formed with was or were + the -ing form of the verb  I was studying for my final exam when I got the terrible news.  Was study...